集裝箱商業(yè) I 舊運(yùn)輸集裝箱的二次生命：農(nóng)場(chǎng)、商店和住房

舊運(yùn)輸集裝箱的二次生命：農(nóng)場(chǎng)，商店和住房

A SECOND LIFE FOR OLD SHIPPING CONTAINERS: FARMS, SHOPS AND HOUSING

四個(gè)金屬墻都是必要的。

FOUR METAL WALLS IS ALL THAT'S NECESSARY TO DO GOOD.

你已經(jīng)看到它們堆疊在六個(gè)高處的貨船上拉入港口，這是一個(gè)多色馬賽克的波紋金屬盒子，載著來(lái)自海洋另一端的產(chǎn)品。 為船舶、卡車(chē)和火車(chē)之間的無(wú)縫過(guò)渡而設(shè)計(jì)，這些鋼或鋁箱的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸通常為20英尺長(zhǎng)。 在全球范圍內(nèi)，這一長(zhǎng)度相當(dāng)于3450萬(wàn)。

You’ve seen them stacked six high on cargo ships pulling into port, the multi-colored mosaic of corrugated metal boxes carrying products from the other end of the ocean. Built for seamless transition between ships, trucks and trains, the standard size for these crates of steel or aluminum is usually 20-feet long. Worldwide, there’s the equivalent of?34.5 million?at that length.

集裝箱最好的資本是它幾乎無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的可重復(fù)使用性，這種品質(zhì)吸引了海運(yùn)業(yè)以外的人。 我們之前寫(xiě)過(guò)關(guān)于這些箱子如何通過(guò)在空曠的停車(chē)場(chǎng)上設(shè)置彈出式商店，一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的人如何在清理南加州海灘時(shí)生活在一起，以及如何將它們轉(zhuǎn)換成太陽(yáng)能立方體的方式來(lái)重振克利夫蘭市中心。看似多用途，我們決定研究一些其他令人驚訝的運(yùn)輸集裝箱用于解決社會(huì)問(wèn)題的方法。這是我們發(fā)現(xiàn)的三個(gè)鼓舞人心的項(xiàng)目：

The container’s best asset is its near-endless reusability, a quality that’s attracted those outside the maritime industry. We ?have written before about how these boxes revitalized downtown Cleveland by lining empty parking lots with?pop-up shops, how a homeless man lived in one while he cleaned up a?Southern California beach, and how they could be converted into?solar power cubes. Seemingly all-purpose, we decided to look into some of the other surprising ways shipping containers are being (re)used to solve social problems. Here’s three inspiring projects we found:

2013年，美國(guó)進(jìn)口了超過(guò)1000億美元的食品，其中大部分產(chǎn)自海外，如中國(guó)，印度，法國(guó)和智利。馬薩諸塞州的兩位企業(yè)家布拉德·麥克納馬拉（Brad McNamara）和喬恩·弗里德曼（Jon Friedman）將這些盒子改裝成集裝箱農(nóng)場(chǎng)，而不是將我們的產(chǎn)品運(yùn)到我們的容在他們的集裝箱內(nèi)，密集的植物和蔬菜堆疊水生長(zhǎng)，這意味著他們的根部可以達(dá)到富含礦物質(zhì)的溶液而不是污垢。 “我們的目標(biāo)是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)在阿拉斯加和達(dá)拉斯一樣的系統(tǒng)，”弗里德曼說(shuō)到。它全部由計(jì)算機(jī)控制 - LED的強(qiáng)度增長(zhǎng)，水的pH值平衡，通過(guò)灌溉系統(tǒng)釋放的養(yǎng)分密度 - 因此作物可以全年生長(zhǎng)。 “每個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)都是一個(gè)支持WiFi的熱點(diǎn)，所以你的農(nóng)場(chǎng)被放下，它被插入，它立即在網(wǎng)上，”麥克納馬拉告訴當(dāng)?shù)氐墓矎V播電臺(tái)。使用移動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序，農(nóng)民可以設(shè)置警報(bào)和警報(bào)。 “因此，如果你在家里，外面真的很冷，你的農(nóng)場(chǎng)被雪覆蓋，你實(shí)際上不必離開(kāi)你的房子去檢查事情，”他補(bǔ)充道。每個(gè)集裝箱可以產(chǎn)生相當(dāng)于一英畝的食物。

The United States imported more than?$100 billion?in food in 2013, the bulk of which is grown overseas in?places like China, India, France and Chile. Rather than having our produce shipped to us in a container, two Massachusetts entrepreneurs — Brad McNamara and Jon Friedman — converted the boxes into?Freight Farms. Inside their containers, dense stacks of plants and vegetables grow hydroponically, meaning their roots reach into a mineral-rich solution rather than dirt. “Our goal was to create a system that works the same in Alaska as it does in Dallas,” Friedman tells?Outside?magazine. It’s all controlled by computer — the intensity of the LED grow lights, the water’s pH balance, the density of nutrients released through the irrigation system — so crops can grow year-round. “Each farm is a WiFi-enabled hotspot, so your farm gets put down, it’s plugged in and it’s immediately on the web,” McNamara tells the local?public radio station. Using a mobile app, farmers can set alerts and alarms. “So if you’re at home and it’s really cold outside, your farm’s covered in snow, you don’t actually have to leave your house to go check on things,” he adds. Each container can produce the equivalent of one acre’s worth of food.

商業(yè)重建?

Commercial Redevelopment

回收工業(yè)材料往往是城市重建的必要條件。

Reclaiming industrial materials is often a go-to for urban redevelopment.?

在澤西海岸，可能曾經(jīng)?？吭诩~瓦克港口的集裝箱正在轉(zhuǎn)換成海灘上的商店和藝術(shù)家工作室。

On the Jersey Shore, shipping containers that might have once been docked in the Newark Bay ports are being converted into stores and artists studios on the beach.?

在新澤西州阿斯伯里帕克，Eddie Catalano出售冰淇淋。

In Asbury Park, N.J., Eddie Catalano sells ice cream;?

在附近的木板路上，另一個(gè)由Sari Perlstein經(jīng)營(yíng)的集裝箱提供精品服裝。

on a boardwalk nearby, another container run by Sari Perlstein offers boutique clothing.?

“我實(shí)際上從沒(méi)想過(guò)在這么小的空間里能夠得到我需要的所有設(shè)備，”Catalano說(shuō)到。 “看哪，六年后，它有效。它絕對(duì)有效。“他說(shuō)這些結(jié)構(gòu)并不是”最吸引人的“，但它們的功能非常強(qiáng)大。 “它可以很好地處理元素，它可以很好地處理天氣，”他補(bǔ)充道。在颶風(fēng)桑迪期間，集裝箱堅(jiān)固在立在木板路上。另一方面，Perlstein的實(shí)體店并沒(méi)有幸免于洪水。這就是為什么她把她的操作移到木板路上的集裝箱里。現(xiàn)在，“如果有一場(chǎng)可怕的風(fēng)暴，我們可以得到一臺(tái)起重機(jī)并將其移走。我們可以把它帶走，“她說(shuō)。 “這是一個(gè)加分。因?yàn)槿绻俅纬蔀橐蛔ㄖ?，你就?huì)揮手告別?！?

“I actually never thought it would be possible to get all the equipment that I need in such a small space,” Catalano tells the?local paper. “Lo and behold, six years later, it works. It definitely works.” He says the structures aren’t the “most attractive,” but they’re highly functional. “It handles the elements well, it handles the weather well,” he adds. During Hurricane Sandy, the big box stayed firm on the boardwalk. Perlstein’s brick-and-mortar store, on the other hand, wasn’t spared from the flooding. It’s why she moved her operation into the box on the boardwalk. Now, “if there were a horrific storm we can get a crane and move that thing off. We can take it away,” she says. “That is a plus. Because if it was a building again, you’d just wave it goodbye.”

無(wú)家可歸者的家園?

Homes for the Homeless

堅(jiān)固的結(jié)構(gòu)，防水和設(shè)計(jì)不生銹，運(yùn)輸集裝箱已被提出作為我們住房緊縮的解決方案。非營(yíng)利組織退伍軍人住房開(kāi)發(fā)公司（Wyterans Housing Development）正在默特爾海灘（Myrtle Beach，S.C.）將集裝箱裝箱翻新成為無(wú)家可歸者退伍軍人居住的永久地點(diǎn)。 “任何人都會(huì)注意到在街角和霍里郡地區(qū)以及全國(guó)各地的帳篷城市看到無(wú)家可歸的退伍軍人。 ...我對(duì)此充滿(mǎn)熱情，因?yàn)槲矣憛捲诮稚峡吹侥切├媳安祭聠痰?，一位殘疾退伍軍人和非營(yíng)利組織的執(zhí)行董事說(shuō)到。 “有很多資金可用于退伍軍人住房，但不是很多可用的住房?！痹搱F(tuán)隊(duì)最近完成了他們的第一套單臥室住宅并在籌款活動(dòng)中展示。他們的最終目標(biāo)是在城鎮(zhèn)的某個(gè)地方建立一個(gè)封閉式的村莊，“一個(gè)安全，安全的環(huán)境，其計(jì)劃將幫助退伍軍人，”喬丹補(bǔ)充道。 “如果我們建造40個(gè)[房屋]，明天就會(huì)有40個(gè)房屋。需要就在那里?！?

Hardy structures, watertight and designed not to rust, shipping containers have been proposed as a solution to our housing crunch. In Myrtle Beach, S.C., the?Veterans Housing Development, a recently founded nonprofit, is refurbishing shipping containers into a permanent place for homeless veterans to stay. “Anyone notices and sees homeless veterans on street corners and in tent cities around the Horry County area, and around the country. … I have a passion for this because I hate seeing veterans out there on the streets,” Brad Jordan, a disabled veteran and the nonprofit’s executive director, tells?The State. “There’s a lot of funding available for veterans housing, but not a lot of housing available.” The group recently finished their first one-bedroom home and displayed it at a fundraiser. Their ultimate goal is to create a gated village somewhere in town, “a secure and safe environment with programs that are going to assist the veterans,” Jordan adds. “If we build 40 [homes], there would be 40 filled tomorrow. The need is there.”